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== Egypt's blockade of the straits of Tiran == | == Egypt's blockade of the straits of Tiran == | ||
Around noon on May 22, Nasser announced that Egypt would close the Straits of Tiran to “all ships flying Israeli flags or carrying strategic materials” to Eilat.<ref>{{harv|Morris|1999|p=306}}; {{harv|Popp|2006|p=285}}; {{harv|Yemini|2017|p=249}}</ref> Those “strategic goods” included, amongst other things, oil shipments from Iran, which constituted 90% of Israel’s overall oil supply.<ref>{{harv|Shlaim and Louis|2012|p=224}}</ref> The blockade prevented all oil shipments from arriving.<ref>{{harv|Shlaim and Louis|2012|p=27}}</ref> This move was widely regarded by Israel, the US and the “international community” as a '''casus belli'''<ref>{{harv|Bregman|2016|p=393}}; {{harv|Mattar|2005|p=31}}; {{harv|Morris|1999|p=306}}; {{harv|Fraser|2018|p=81}}; {{harv|Cattan|1969|p=103}}; {{harv|Zipperstein|2024|p=272}}; {{harv|ربيع|1983|p=296}}; {{harv|Barker|2023|p=18}}; {{harv|كميل حبيب.|2002|p=132}}; {{harv|Aron|2002|p=133}}; {{harv|أحمد|1993|p=62}}; {{harv|Shemesh|2008|p=118}}; {{harv|رفعت سيد أحمد. and أحمد، رفعت سيد.|1993|p=63}}; {{harv|Ruys|2010|p=277}}; {{harv|شلش|2023|p=568}}; {{harv|Kubic|2017|p=145}}; {{harv|Abu-Jaber|1968|p=13}}; {{harv|Bowett and Petersen|1971|p=20}}; {{harv|Medzini|2020|p=134}}; {{harv|Knorr and Morgan|p=135}}; {{harv|Gat|2005|p=611}}; {{harv|Aronson|2000|p=92}}; {{harv|Levitan|2025|p=8}}; | Around noon on May 22, Nasser announced that Egypt would close the Straits of Tiran to “all ships flying Israeli flags or carrying strategic materials” to Eilat.<ref>{{harv|Morris|1999|p=306}}; {{harv|Popp|2006|p=285}}; {{harv|Yemini|2017|p=249}}</ref> Those “strategic goods” included, amongst other things, oil shipments from Iran, which constituted 90% of Israel’s overall oil supply.<ref>{{harv|Shlaim and Louis|2012|p=224}}</ref> The blockade prevented all oil shipments from arriving.<ref>{{harv|Shlaim and Louis|2012|p=27}}</ref> This move was widely regarded by Israel, the US and the “international community” as a '''casus belli'''<ref>{{harv|Bregman|2016|p=393}}; {{harv|Mattar|2005|p=31}}; {{harv|Morris|1999|p=306}}; {{harv|Fraser|2018|p=81}}; {{harv|Cattan|1969|p=103}}; {{harv|Zipperstein|2024|p=272}}; {{harv|ربيع|1983|p=296}}; {{harv|Barker|2023|p=18}}; {{harv|كميل حبيب.|2002|p=132}}; {{harv|Aron|2002|p=133}}; {{harv|أحمد|1993|p=62}}; {{harv|Shemesh|2008|p=118}}; {{harv|رفعت سيد أحمد. and أحمد، رفعت سيد.|1993|p=63}}; {{harv|Ruys|2010|p=277}}; {{harv|شلش|2023|p=568}}; {{harv|Kubic|2017|p=145}}; {{harv|Abu-Jaber|1968|p=13}}; {{harv|Bowett and Petersen|1971|p=20}}; {{harv|Medzini|2020|p=134}}; {{harv|Knorr and Morgan|p=135}}; {{harv|Gat|2005|p=611}}; {{harv|Aronson|2000|p=92}}; {{harv|Levitan|2025|p=8}};; {{harv|Harris|1983|p=312}}; {{harv|Shalom|2008|p=381}}; {{harv|Sandler and Hartley|2003|p=370}}; {{harv|Gat|2013|p=615}}; {{harv|Gluska|2007|p=153}}; {{harv|Evron|2005|p=44}}; {{harv|Aronson|2010|p=338}}; {{harv|Affairs|1967|p=58}}; {{harv|Rikhye|2013|p=80}}; {{harv|Gelpi|2010|p=141}}; {{harv|Govrin|2013|p=313}}; {{harv|Hay|2012|p=69}}; {{harv|Rabinovich|2009|p=21}}; {{harv|Hinnebusch|2015}}; {{harv|Sandler|2017|p=100}}; {{harv|Relations|1975|p=8–9}}; {{harv|Teveth|1969|p=19}}; {{harv|Hammond and Alexander|1972|p=149}}; {{harv|Bar-Siman-Tov|1987|p=97}}; {{harv|Sela|2002|p=284}}; {{harv|Arad and Smernoff|1975}}; {{harv||2007}}</ref> an act or situation provoking or justifying war. It was seen as the “decisive act that made war inevitable”.<ref>{{harv|Morris|1999|p=306}}</ref> Nasser, in his speech on May 29, went even further with this act that already legally justified war, and stated that the issue was Israel’s “existence,” not merely the Straits of Tiran.<ref>{{harv|Morris|1999|p=306}}</ref> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
== Biliography == | == Biliography == | ||
* {{ | * <ref>{{Cite book |last=Affairs |first=New Zealand Department of External |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/External_Affairs_Review/8Oc1AQAAIAAJ?hl=en |title=External Affairs Review |date=1967 |publisher=Department of External Affairs |language=en}}</ref> | ||
* {{cite book |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Arab_World/ | * {{cite book |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Arab_World/kbEMAQAAMAAJ?hl=en |title=The Arab World |vauthors=((Abu-Jaber, K.)) |date=1968 |publisher=Arab Information Center}} | ||
* {{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/20211125_20211125_1509 |title=نظرية الأمن القومي العربي والتطور المعاصر للتعامل الدولي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط |vauthors=((ربيع, د. ح.)) |date=1 August 1983 |publisher=مركز الحضارة للدراسات والبحوث}} | * {{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/20211125_20211125_1509 |title=نظرية الأمن القومي العربي والتطور المعاصر للتعامل الدولي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط |vauthors=((ربيع, د. ح.)) |date=1 August 1983 |publisher=مركز الحضارة للدراسات والبحوث}} | ||
* {{ | * <ref>{{Cite book |last=Arad |first=Uzi B. |url=https://archive.org/details/DTIC_ADA028479 |title=American Security and the International Energy Situation: Final Report |last2=Smernoff |first2=Barry J. |date=1975 |publisher=National Technical Information Service |language=en}}</ref> | ||
* {{cite book |url=https://www.routledge.com/De-Gaulle-Israel-and-the-Jews/Aron/p/book/9780765809254 |title=De Gaulle, Israel, and the Jews |vauthors=((Aron, R.)) |date=30 June 2002 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-7658-0925-4}} | * {{cite book |url=https://www.routledge.com/De-Gaulle-Israel-and-the-Jews/Aron/p/book/9780765809254 |title=De Gaulle, Israel, and the Jews |vauthors=((Aron, R.)) |date=30 June 2002 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-7658-0925-4}} | ||
* {{Cite journal |last=Aronson |first=Shlomo |date=May 2000 |title=Israel's nuclear programme, the six day war and its ramifications |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13537120008719573 |journal=Israel Affairs |language=en |volume=6 |issue=3-4 |pages=83–95 |doi=10.1080/13537120008719573 |issn=1353-7121}} | * {{Cite journal |last=Aronson |first=Shlomo |date=May 2000 |title=Israel's nuclear programme, the six day war and its ramifications |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13537120008719573 |journal=Israel Affairs |language=en |volume=6 |issue=3-4 |pages=83–95 |doi=10.1080/13537120008719573 |issn=1353-7121}} | ||
* {{Cite book |last=Aronson |first=Shlomo |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9780511762437/type/book |title=David Ben-Gurion and the Jewish Renaissance |date=2010-11-01 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-19748-9 |edition=1 |translator-last=Greenwood |translator-first=Naftali |doi=10.1017/cbo9780511762437}} | * {{Cite book |last=Aronson |first=Shlomo |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9780511762437/type/book |title=David Ben-Gurion and the Jewish Renaissance |date=2010-11-01 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-19748-9 |edition=1 |translator-last=Greenwood |translator-first=Naftali |doi=10.1017/cbo9780511762437}} | ||
* {{Cite book |last=Barker |first=Anthony J. |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/US_Foreign_Service_Women_in_the_Middle_E/JpjrEAAAQBAJ |title=US Foreign Service Women in the Middle East and Islamic North Africa, 1945-2001 |date=2023 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-3-031-46756-1 |edition=1st |location=Cham}} | * <ref>{{Cite book |last=Barker |first=Anthony J. |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/US_Foreign_Service_Women_in_the_Middle_E/JpjrEAAAQBAJ |title=US Foreign Service Women in the Middle East and Islamic North Africa, 1945-2001 |date=2023 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-3-031-46756-1 |edition=1st |location=Cham}}</ref> | ||
* {{Cite book |last=Bar-Siman-Ṭov |first=Yaʿaḳov |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Israel_the_Superpowers_and_the_War_in_th/fZ1tAAAAMAAJ |title=Israel, the superpowers, and the war in the Middle East |last2=Bar-Siman-Ṭov |first2=Yaʿaḳov |date=1987 |publisher=Praeger |others=The Hebrew University, Jerusalem. Harry S. Truman Research Center for the Advancement of Peace |isbn=978-0-275-92396-9 |location=New York, NY}} (Originally by the University of Michigan) | * {{Cite book |last=Bar-Siman-Ṭov |first=Yaʿaḳov |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Israel_the_Superpowers_and_the_War_in_th/fZ1tAAAAMAAJ |title=Israel, the superpowers, and the war in the Middle East |last2=Bar-Siman-Ṭov |first2=Yaʿaḳov |date=1987 |publisher=Praeger |others=The Hebrew University, Jerusalem. Harry S. Truman Research Center for the Advancement of Peace |isbn=978-0-275-92396-9 |location=New York, NY}} (Originally by the University of Michigan) | ||
* {{cite book |last=Petersen |first=Kristen |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Proposal_for_Establishment_of_an_Interna/aW8nAQAAMAAJ |title=Proposal for Establishment of an International Council for Research and Information on Conflicts |last2=Bowett |first2=Derek |date= |publisher=Statens Trykningskontor |year=1971 |isbn=978-87-503-1059-4}} (Originally published by Northwestern University) | * {{cite book |last=Petersen |first=Kristen |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Proposal_for_Establishment_of_an_Interna/aW8nAQAAMAAJ |title=Proposal for Establishment of an International Council for Research and Information on Conflicts |last2=Bowett |first2=Derek |date= |publisher=Statens Trykningskontor |year=1971 |isbn=978-87-503-1059-4}} (Originally published by Northwestern University) | ||
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*<ref>{{Cite book |last=Relations |first=Universiṭah ha-ʻIvrit bi-Yerushalayim Leonard Davis Institute for International |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Jerusalem_Papers_on_Peace_Problems/FLkzAAAAIAAJ?hl=en |title=Jerusalem Papers on Peace Problems |date=1975 |language=en}}</ref> | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Relations |first=Universiṭah ha-ʻIvrit bi-Yerushalayim Leonard Davis Institute for International |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Jerusalem_Papers_on_Peace_Problems/FLkzAAAAIAAJ?hl=en |title=Jerusalem Papers on Peace Problems |date=1975 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
*<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rikhye |first=Major General Indar Jit |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203061527/sinai-blunder-major-general-indar-jit-rikhye |title=The Sinai Blunder: Withdrawal of the United Nations Emergency Force Leading |date=2013 |publisher=Taylor and Francis |isbn=978-1-136-27978-2 |location=Hoboken}}</ref> | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rikhye |first=Major General Indar Jit |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203061527/sinai-blunder-major-general-indar-jit-rikhye |title=The Sinai Blunder: Withdrawal of the United Nations Emergency Force Leading |date=2013 |publisher=Taylor and Francis |isbn=978-1-136-27978-2 |location=Hoboken}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rodman |first=David |date=March 2000 |title=Patterns of war initiation in the Arab‐Israeli conflict: A note on the military dimension |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13537120008719575 |journal=Israel Affairs |language=en |volume=6 |issue=3-4 |pages=115–128 |doi=10.1080/13537120008719575 |issn=1353-7121}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ruys |first=Tom |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Armed_Attack_and_Article_51_of_the_UN_Ch/mjok10qoh2cC? |title='Armed Attack' and Article 51 of the UN Charter: Evolutions in Customary Law and Practice |date=2010-11-25 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-139-49483-0 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sādāt |first=Anwar as- |url=https://archive.org/details/insearchofidenti00sada/page/n5/mode/2up |title=In search of identity: an autobiography |date=1978 |publisher=Harper & Row |isbn=978-0-06-013742-7 |edition=1st |location=New York}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2017-09-18 |title=The Jewish Origins of Israeli Foreign Policy : A Study in Tradition and Survival |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315194998/jewish-origins-israeli-foreign-policy-shmuel-sandler |journal=Taylor & Francis |language=en |doi=10.4324/9781315194998/jewish-origins-israeli-foreign-policy-shmuel-sandler |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240606221932/https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315194998/jewish-origins-israeli-foreign-policy-shmuel-sandler |archive-date=2024-06-06}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Economics_of_Conflict_Case_studies/JR68AAAAIAAJ |title=The economics of conflict |date=2003 |publisher=Edward Elgar |isbn=978-1-84064-782-2 |editor-last=Sandler |editor-first=Todd |series=The international library of critical writings in economics |location=Cheltenham, UK ; Northhampton, MA |editor-last2=Hartley |editor-first2=Keith}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Seale |first=Patrick |url=http://archive.org/details/asadofsyriastrug00seal |title=Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East |date=1989 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-06667-0 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Śegev |first=Tom |url=http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0730/2006047043-s.html |title=1967: Israel, the war, and the year that transformed the Middle East |date=2007 |publisher=Metropolitan Books |isbn=978-0-8050-7057-6 |edition=1st American |location=New York, NY}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sela |first=Avraham |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Continuum_Political_Encyclopedia_of_the/YJwsAQAAIAAJ |title=Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East: Revised and Updated Edition |date=2002-09-05 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=978-0-8264-1413-7 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shalom |first=Zaki |date=April 2008 |title=Israel's Foreign Minister Eban meets President de Gaulle and Prime Minister Wilson on the Eve of the Six Day War |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13537120801900276 |journal=Israel Affairs |language=en |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=277–287 |doi=10.1080/13537120801900276 |issn=1353-7121}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shemesh |first=Mosheh |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=e4ttAAAAMAAJ |title=Arab politics, Palestinian nationalism and the Six Day War: the crystallization of Arab strategy and Nasir's descent to war, 1957-1967 |date=2008 |publisher=Sussex Academic Press |isbn=978-1-83624-047-1 |location=Brighton Portland}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shlaim |first=Avi |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Iron_Wall_Israel_and_the_Arab_World/qgi5BAAAQBAJ |title=The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World (Updated and Expanded) |date=2014-10-20 |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |isbn=978-0-393-35101-9 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Teveth |first=Shabtai |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Tanks_of_Tammuz/e6RtAAAAMAAJ? |title=The Tanks of Tammuz |date=1969 |publisher=Viking Press |isbn=978-0-670-69368-9 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
*<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yemini |first=Ben-Dror |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Industry_of_Lies/9fWpswEACAAJ?hl=en |title=Industry of Lies: Media, Academia, and the Israeli-Arab Conflict |date=2017 |publisher=Institute for the Study of Global Antisemitism and Policy |isbn=978-1-9790-6143-8 |language=en}}</ref> | |||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=Zipperstein |first=Steven E. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781032686561 |title=The legal case for Palestine: a critical assessment |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-040-09178-4 |series=Ucla center for middle east development (cmed) |location=Abingdon, Oxon [UK] New York, NY}}</ref> | ||
*{{ | * | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=أحمد |first=رفعت سيد |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A/t7MVAQAAMAAJ?hl=en |title=الصراع المائي: الأبعاد الكاملة للصراع حول الماء بين العرب و إسرائيل : الداقع د المستقبل |date=1993 |publisher=دار الهدا، |isbn=978-977-5340-04-7 |language=ar}}</ref> | ||
*{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/1973_20240807/page/n11/mode/2up |title=مذكرات الجمسي: حرب اكتوبر 1973 |vauthors=((جمسي, م. ع. ا.)) |date=1990 |publisher=المانشورات الشرقية |edition=الطبعة 1}} | *{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/1973_20240807/page/n11/mode/2up |title=مذكرات الجمسي: حرب اكتوبر 1973 |vauthors=((جمسي, م. ع. ا.)) |date=1990 |publisher=المانشورات الشرقية |edition=الطبعة 1}} | ||
*{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/noor-book.com_202204 |title=شاهد على حرب 67 |vauthors=((حديدي, ص. ا.)) |date=1974 |publisher=دار الشروق}} | *{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/noor-book.com_202204 |title=شاهد على حرب 67 |vauthors=((حديدي, ص. ا.)) |date=1974 |publisher=دار الشروق}} | ||
*{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/20211125_20211125_1509 |title=نظرية الأمن القومي العربي والتطور المعاصر للتعامل الدولي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط |vauthors=((ربيع, د. ح.)) |date=1 August 1983 |publisher=مركز الحضارة للدراسات والبحوث}} | *{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/20211125_20211125_1509 |title=نظرية الأمن القومي العربي والتطور المعاصر للتعامل الدولي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط |vauthors=((ربيع, د. ح.)) |date=1 August 1983 |publisher=مركز الحضارة للدراسات والبحوث}} | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=أحمد |first=رفعت سيد |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A/t7MVAQAAMAAJ?hl=en |title=الصراع المائي: الأبعاد الكاملة للصراع حول الماء بين العرب و إسرائيل : الداقع د المستقبل |date=1993 |publisher=دار الهدا، |isbn=978-977-5340-04-7 |language=ar}}</ref> | ||
*{{cite book |url=https://www.dohainstitute.org/ar/BooksAndJournals/Pages/an-ephemeral-event-nablus-under-occupation-1967-1969-memoir-and-documents-of-hamdi-taher-kanaan.aspx |title=شيءٌ عابر...: نابلس تحت الاحتلال (حزيران/ يونيو 1967 - آذار/ مارس 1969) - مذكرات ووثائق حمدي طاهر كنعان |vauthors=((شلش, ب. م.)) |date=2023 |publisher=المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات |isbn=978-614-445-553-1}} | *{{cite book |url=https://www.dohainstitute.org/ar/BooksAndJournals/Pages/an-ephemeral-event-nablus-under-occupation-1967-1969-memoir-and-documents-of-hamdi-taher-kanaan.aspx |title=شيءٌ عابر...: نابلس تحت الاحتلال (حزيران/ يونيو 1967 - آذار/ مارس 1969) - مذكرات ووثائق حمدي طاهر كنعان |vauthors=((شلش, ب. م.)) |date=2023 |publisher=المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات |isbn=978-614-445-553-1}} | ||
*{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/noor-book.com_202204 |title=شاهد على حرب اليمن | *{{cite book |last=حديدي |first=صلاح الدين |url=https://archive.org/details/noor-book.com_202204 |title=شاهد على حرب اليمن |date=1984 |publisher=مكتبة مدبولي، |isbn=978-977-13-3028-8 |edition=الطبعة 1}} | ||
*{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/hamlaenglish_gmail_20180319_1336/mode/2up |title=حرب الثلاث سنوات، 1967/1970 : مذكرات الفريق أول محمد فوزي، وزير الحربية الأسبق |vauthors=((فوزي, م.)) |date=1983 |publisher=دار المستقبل العربي |edition=الطبعة 1}} | *{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/hamlaenglish_gmail_20180319_1336/mode/2up |title=حرب الثلاث سنوات، 1967/1970 : مذكرات الفريق أول محمد فوزي، وزير الحربية الأسبق |vauthors=((فوزي, م.)) |date=1983 |publisher=دار المستقبل العربي |edition=الطبعة 1}} | ||
*{{ | *<ref>{{Cite book |last=حبيب |first=كميل |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3/8YZtAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%20%D9%81%D9%8A%20%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%87%20%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%87 |title=السلم الإسرائيلي المسلح في أساسه وأهدافه |date=2002 |publisher=المؤسسة الحديثة للكتاب |language=ar}}</ref> | ||
*{{cite book |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD/LmmBjgEACAAJ?hl=en |title=الفريق مرتجي يروي الحقائق: قائد جبهة سيناء في حرب 1967 |vauthors=((مرتجي, ع. ا. ك.)) |date=1976 |publisher=الوطن العربي}} | *{{cite book |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD/LmmBjgEACAAJ?hl=en |title=الفريق مرتجي يروي الحقائق: قائد جبهة سيناء في حرب 1967 |vauthors=((مرتجي, ع. ا. ك.)) |date=1976 |publisher=الوطن العربي}} | ||
*{{cite book |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86/TU9_QgAACAAJ?hl=en |title=اعترافات قادة حرب يونيو : نصوص شهاداتهم امام لجنة تسجيل تاريخ الثورة |vauthors=((مظهر, س.)) |date=1990 |publisher=دار الحرية للصحافة والطباعة والنشر}} | *{{cite book |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86/TU9_QgAACAAJ?hl=en |title=اعترافات قادة حرب يونيو : نصوص شهاداتهم امام لجنة تسجيل تاريخ الثورة |vauthors=((مظهر, س.)) |date=1990 |publisher=دار الحرية للصحافة والطباعة والنشر}} | ||
*{{cite encyclopedia |year=2007 |title=The Sinai Campaign and after |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Judaica |publisher=Macmillan Reference US |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopaedia-judaica-v.-09-her-int/Encyclopaedia%20Judaica%2C%20v.%2002%20%28Alr-Az%29_2/ |edition=Second |volume=10 |pages= |isbn=978-0-02-865928-2}} | *{{cite encyclopedia |year=2007 |title=The Sinai Campaign and after |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Judaica |publisher=Macmillan Reference US |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopaedia-judaica-v.-09-her-int/Encyclopaedia%20Judaica%2C%20v.%2002%20%28Alr-Az%29_2/ |edition=Second |volume=10 |pages= |isbn=978-0-02-865928-2}} | ||